Citronella - Cymbopogon nardusBotanical Name : Cymbopogon nardus
Extraction : Steam Distillation
Parts Used : Grass
Aroma : Slightly sweet, lemony smell
Extraction: Citronella oil is generally extracted using steam distillation process; using finely chopped fresh, dried or part-dried grass.
Chemical Composition: Citronella oil contains citronellol, geraniol, citronellic acid, borneol, nerol, camphene, citral, citronellal, dipentene and limonene.
Java type: Citronellal (32-45%), geraniol (11-13%), geranyl acetate (3-8%), limonene (1-4%).
Essential Oil Information: This is a volatile oil and is steam distilled using greenish blue, lemon-scented leaves and stem of Cymbopogon nardus (Ceylon citronella).This essential oil generally contains citronellal and geraniol.
Oil Properties: It is a colorless or light yellow liquid known for its characteristic woody, grassy or lemony odour. Vapours of this oil causes initial stimulation followed by depression of the central nervous system when inhaled. It is also flammable in nature.
Uses: Citronella acts as insect repeller and thus, used in flea collars, bug sprays and candles that keep away mosquitoes and other insects. It is also effective in the treatment of cold, infection and oily complexion. Some other important applications include: Provides relieve insomnia
Preferred for its aromatic and medicinal value
Used for intestinal parasites, digestive and menstrual problems
Also used for treatment of fever, flu, minor infections, fatigue, headaches, migraine, neuralgia
In short, citronella oil can be used as deodorant, diaphoretic, insecticide, antiseptic, bactericidal, parasitic, tonic and stimulant.
The health benefits of Citronella Essential Oil can be attributed to its properties as an antibacterial, antidepressant, antiseptic, antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, deodorant, diaphoretic, diuretic, febrifuge, fungicidal, insect repellent, stomachic, stimulant, tonic and vermifuge substance.
Citronella is a grass that mainly grows in some Asian countries and some islands of the South Pacific. It has a rich, crisp lemony aroma and thus bears the name Citronella. The essential oil of citronella is extracted from two varieties of citronella. The first one is the Ceylon variety, whose scientific name is Cymbopogon Nardusand the second one is Java variety, called Cymbopogon Winterianus in botanical terminology. In both cases, the essential oil is extracted by steam distillation of the fresh plant.
While the first variety yields an oil whose main components are citronellol, citronellal, geraniol, limonene and methyl isoeugenol, the oil obtained from the second variety contains citronellal, geraniol, geranyl acetate and limonene as its chief constituents, with geraniol and citronellal higher in concentrations than the former variety. Hence, the oil obtained from the Java variety is considered to be higher quality. The main producers of this essential oil are China and Indonesia. This oil is also produced by certain other Asian, South & Latin American and African countries in smaller amounts.
Health Benefits of Citronella Essential Oil
Apart from being used as a flavoring agent for foods & beverages, it has varied medicinal uses, which are listed below.
Antibacterial: Components like methyl isoeugenol and a few others that are found in this essential oil are responsible for this property. They kill bacteria and inhibit any further bacterial growth in the body. This is particularly helpful in treating infections in wounds, as well as in the colon, urethra, urinary bladder, stomach, intestines, urinary tracts, prostate and kidneys.
Antidepressant: This oil fights depression and gives relief from anxiety, sadness, and negative feelings. It induces a fresh, happy feeling and hope.
Antiseptic: The antiseptic properties of this essential oil fight infections in wounds, as well as the urinary tracts, urethra, prostate and kidneys, while simultaneously protecting them from being sepsis.
Antispasmodic: It relieves spasms of the muscles, respiratory system and nervous system. It also helps to cure menstrual spasms and gives relief from symptoms such as cramps and coughs.
Anti-inflammatory: Citronella essential oil sedates inflammation, particularly those situations which pertain to the liver, stomach, intestines and other parts of the digestive system. The inflammations caused as side effects of drugs, excessive use of alcohol or narcotics, hard & spicy food, any disease, or any toxic element getting into the body can also be soothed using this oil.
Deodorant: The crisp, rich citrus or lemon-like aroma of this oil drives away body odor and is used in deodorants and body sprays, although in very small quantities, since in heavy doses it may create skin irritations. It can also be mixed with bath water to have a refreshing, body odor-ending bath.
Diaphoretic: The diaphoretic properties of this essential oil increase sweating and promote the removal of toxins and other unwanted materials like excess water, fat and salts from the body. This makes the body feel lighter, keeps the skin healthy and also reduces fever. This also protects you from certain infections.
Diuretic: The increase in the frequency and quantity of urination due to this property of citronella essential oil has many benefits. It disposes of waste substances and toxins from the body, including uric acid, excess bile, acids, and salts, as well as water and fats. This helps reduce weight, eliminate infections in the urinary system, free the body from toxins, reduce chances of renal calculi, rheumatism and arthritis, improve digestion, and keep the heart healthy.
Febrifuge: While the diaphoretic property of this oil increases perspiration, it anti-inflammatory property reduces inflammation while the antimicrobial property fights infections. The combined effects of these three properties fight fever and reduce body temperature.
Fungicidal: This oil kills fungus and inhibits fungal growth. This is very useful in countering fungal infections in the ear, nose and throat region. Contracting fungal infections in the ears is very common and can be very serious. It eliminated fungal infections in other parts of the body as well and helps cure fungal dysentery.
Insect Repellant: This is one of the most commonly used properties of this essential oil, as it kills and keeps away insects. It has been found particularly effective on a species of mosquito, called Aedes Aegypti whose bite causes the dreaded Yellow Fever. This is also effective on lice, body and head louse, and fleas.
Stomachic: The use of this oil clears the stomach from infections and other problems and helps it function properly.
Stimulant: The stimulating effect of the essential oil of citronella stimulates blood circulation, secretions and discharges like hormones and enzymes from the glands, brain while also increasing activity in the nervous system. This essential oil also stimulates the immune mechanisms and the metabolism of the body.
Tonic: This property means that citronella essential oil has an overall toning effect on the body. It tones up digestion, excretion, the nervous system and the brain, while fortifying the body.
Vermifuge: Citronella essential oil kills intestinal worms. It should be administered in mild doses to children, since children are most prone to worms. It is effective on both round worms and tape worms. Since the presence of worms interferes with the normal physical and mental growth and also with the absorption of nutrients by the body, the use of this oil can greatly increase your quality of life by eliminating those dangerous parasites.
Other Benefits: Furthermore, this oil can be used in treatment of problems like oily skin, oily hair, abnormal palpitations, colitis, migraine, neuralgia, fatigue, headache, nausea, and abdominal pain resulting from gas or cramps.
Blends Well With: Citronella oil blends well with lemongrass, lavender, peppermint, cajeput, eucalyptus, rosemary, vanilla and bergamot.
Precautions: There is no inherent toxicity in the essential oil, but it has been seen to produce irritation, dermatitis or sensitization in skin if used in high concentrations. It should not be used on the skin of small children and should be avoided during pregnancy.
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